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Yayın 238U and 222Rn activity concentrations and total radioactivity levels in lake waters(2013) Selçuk Zorer O.; Şahan T.; Ceylan H.; Dogru M.; Şahin S.The concentrations and distributions of natural radioactivity, uranium and radon in lake waters from around Van, Turkey were investigated with an aim of evaluating the environmental radioactivity. Fourteen lake waters were collected from different six lakes around Van (Turkey) to determine 238U, 222Rn and total alpha and total beta distributions in 2009. The total ? and total ß activities were counted by using ?/ß counter of the multi-detector low background system (PIC-MPC-9604) and the 238U concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Thermo Scientific Element 2) and radon concentrations were measured with the solid state nuclear track detector technique. The activity concentrations ranging from ND to 0.039 Bq L-1 and from 0.026 to 3.728 Bq L-1 for total alpha and beta, respectively, and uranium concentrations ranging from 0.083 to 3.078 µg L-1, and radon concentrations varying between 47.80 and 354.86 Bq m-3 were observed in the lake waters. © 2012 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.Yayın Alien hand syndrome [Yabanci el sendromu](2006) Şahin S.; Tan D.; Karşidag S.Alien hand syndrome (AHS) refers to the occurrence of apparently purposeful movements in the hand which are independent of volitional control. Two subtypes of AHS have been proposed: 'anterior-motor' subtype with grasp reflex and impulsive manipulation of tools by the dominant hand and 'posterior-sensorial' subtype with hemispheric neglection. Here in a case of Corticobasal Ganglionic degeneration (CBGD), we report, anteriortype AHS with symptoms of impulsive grasping and apraxia in his left hand. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse atrophy of cortex and periventricular millimetric ischemic-gliotic lesions. Single - photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) analysis labelled with 99m technetium hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (Tc-99m-HMPAO) demonstrated hypoperfusion in the left frontal lobe and the temporo-parietal areas dominantly in the left hemisphere. In this article, we aim to review the literature about AHS based on our case's findings.Yayın Could apomorphine be an effective treatment option for refractory tremor in Parkinson's disease? A pilot study [Apomorfin parkinson hastaligindaki dirençli tremor için etkili bir tedavi seçenegi olabilir mi? Pilot çalişma](2013) Çinar N.; Şahin S.; Karşidag S.Objective: We aimed to evaluate the extent of the clinical efficacy of intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine in addition to oral treatment in patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease experiencing serious, refractory tremor despite the use of optimal oral dopaminergic medication. Treatment response was assessed with the motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease rating scale (UPDRS). Tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia were scored by using specific items of the UPDRS. Material and Method: The study group included 13 consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease who have refractory tremor. Increasing doses of 1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg subcutaneous apomorphine were used; peak improvement dose and UPDRS scores were determined after 30 minutes. The patients have used oral dopaminergic treatment plus subcutaneous apomorhine and they have been followed on weekly phone calls. The completion of the study was defined as the end of the 1st month. Finally, the UPDRS motor scores of the patients were compared to the basal scores. Results: Three patients dropped out due to side effects. The average reduction rate of total UPDRS, tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity scores were found as 20.6%, 38.5%, 30.1% and 16.6% respectively. At the end of the first month, tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity scores were statistically improved in comparison to those of the baseline. Conclusion: Subcutaneous apomorphine combined to oral dopaminergic medications may provide effective relief in serious and refractory rest tremor as well as bradykinesia and rigidity in selected Parkinson patients.Yayın Examination of perception of communication skills of the secondary school teachers in terms of various variables(Sakarya University, 2016) Şahin S.; Bulut Serin N.The objective of this study is to examine whether communication skills of the secondary school teachers significantly changed or not according to the gender, age, professional seniority and branch. The target population of the research is the district of Gazimagusa of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. For the sample of the research, three secondary schools have been selected in line with the objective of the research in the 2015- 2016 academic year and the study have been conducted with 108 voluntary teachers working in these schools. As a result of the research, it has been observed that the communication skills of the teachers have significantly differentiated in the empathy sub dimension and have not differentiated in the sub dimensions such as transparency, equality, effectiveness and competence according to their genders. It has been observed that such skills have not significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as empathy and equality and have significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as effectiveness, transparency and competence according to age. It has been analyzed that such skills have not significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as empathy, transparency, equality and competence and have significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as effectiveness according to the professional seniority. It has been observed that average of the scores of the teachers have not significantly differentiated in statistical manner in the sub dimensions such as empathy, transparency, equality, effectiveness and competence according to the marital status. It has been analyzed that such skills have not significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as transparency and significantly differentiated in the sub dimensions such as empathy, equality, effectiveness and competence according to their branches. © The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology.Yayın Is herpes zoster merely a simple neuralgia syndrome? [Herpes zoster sadece basit bir nevralji sendromu mudur?](2011) Çinar N.; Şahin S.; Okluoglu T.; Batum K.; Karşidag S.Aim: Although, herpes zoster usually presents with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) localized at single dermatome, it may also manifest with different clinical presentations. To clarify of these rare conditions, we aimed to examine the cases of PHN followed by our clinic in more details. Method: Medical records of 26 patients in total monitored by the neurology outpatient clinic for PHN between 2008 and 2010 were reviewed. Result: The mean age of the patients was 61.9±16.4 years, with a female-male ratio of 15/11. Ten of the patients (38%) had a chronic illness history such as solid cancer, lymphoma, diabetes mellitus, cardiac valve prosthesis and Parkinson's disease. Eight of the patients had trigeminal nerve lesions (ophthalmic in 7 and mandibular in 1), 3 had spinal cervical lesions, 8 had spinal thoracic lesions and 7 had spinal lumbar dermatomic lesions. Three (11.5%) patients had motor involvement (C7 in one and L4-L5 innervated muscles in two). Four patients (15.3%; symmetric sides of the same dermatome in two and at different dermatomes in another two) had multiple dermatomal involvements. Conclusion: Immunosuppression and advanced ages are known to facilitate varicella reactivation. By reviewing patients with zona zoster monitored by our clinic for accompanying conditions, anatomical localizations and presence of multiple dermatomal involvements, the present study emphasizes that zona may also cause 'motor involvement' besides sensory involvement. Our findings demonstrate that zona is a complex syndrome which may manifest as varying clinical presentations.Yayın Neuroprotective effect of ziprasidone: Preliminary results compared to haloperidol(Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, 2014) Çinar N.; Karao?lan A.; Midi A.; Çal M.A.; Kelten B.; Çakmak M.A.; Şahin S.Typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs are widely used to treat psychosis. The present study investigated whether ziprasidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, has a neuroprotective effect on hippocampal neurons in rats with experimentallyinduced transient cerebral ischemia comparatively with haloperidol which is a typical antipsychotic. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced by 10-minute occlusion of bilateral carotis communis arteries. The rats were divided into four groups: Shamoperated control group (Group I), ischemia control group (Group II), haloperidol-treated group (Group III) and ziprasidone-treated group (Group IV). Following 10-minute ischemia, Group III received 1mg/kg haloperidol intramuscularly and Group IV received 2.5 mg/kg ziprasidone intraperitoneally. The animals were sacrificed on the seventh day following induced ischemia to determine the number of intact neurons at hippocampus and dentate gyrus to demonstrate the effects of ischemia and efficacy of the treatments administered. Surviving cell numbers were found in the sham operated group; 198, in the ischemia control group; 80, in the haloperidol-treated group; 185, in ziprasidonetreated group; 189. The groups showed significant difference in the comparison of the surviving cell numbers. However, the number of surviving cells did not significantly different between the ziprasidone and haloperidol-treated group. Previous studies with the ischemia model have demonstrated protective effects of haloperidol on hippocampal region. The findings of the present study show that ziprasidone, which is an atypical antipsychotic drug, may produce neuroprotective effects as potent as haloperidol, which is a typical antipsychotic drug. © 2014 OMU.Yayın Temporal change of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: The results of turquoise Alzheimer's working group [Alzheimer hastali{dotless}gi{dotless}ndaki bilişsel kayi{dotless}plari{dotless}n zamansal degişimi: Turkuaz Alzheimer çali{dotless}şma grubu sonuçlari{dotless}](Turkish Neurological Society, 2014) Çinar N.; Şahin S.; Çakmak M.A.; Karşidag S.; Grubu T.Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the temporal characteristics of the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). For this reason, the factorial analysis of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used in first visit and six months after. Material and Method: In this multicenter, longitudinal study, the data of 268 (152 mild, 116 moderate) cases obtained from the 'Turquoise Alzheimer Working Group' in Turkey, was evaluated. The patients who were diagnosed with probable AD according to the DSM-IV criteria were included in the study. Disability was assessed by means of global deterioration scale. The MMSE, which has 7 components (time orientation, spatial orientation, immediate memory, attention/concentration, delayed recall, language, and constructional praxis) was applied to all patients at the initial visit (baseline) and 6 months after. Results: The baseline evaluation revealed a significant correlation between orientation and attention subscales in the mild AD group. At the second evaluation of mild AD group and at both evaluations of moderate AD group, there were stronger correlations among all subscales. Subscales of time orientation, attention/concentration and immediate memory had higher factor loading in the first evaluation in mild AD group. Subscales of delayed recall and language were more significant in second evaluation. Subscale of spatial orientation was added in moderate AD group in both evaluation periods. Conclusion: Factor analysis of MMSE subscales varied according to the stage and duration of the disease. Generally, disturbances in attention and orientation might be the first findings in AD groups. When assessing AD cases, the properties of subscales in MMSE should be considered.
