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    Serum paraoxonase- 1 activity in children: The effects of obesity and insulin resistance
    (Acta Cardiologica, 2014) Agirbasli M.; Tanrikulu A.; Erkus E.; Azizy M.; Acar Sevim B.; Kaya Z.; Taskin A.; Aksoy N.; Demirbag R.
    Oxidative stress (OS) is important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an enzyme found in the circulation associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL-associated enzyme PON1 has an important role in the attenuation of atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. The aim of this study was to determine PON1 and arylesterase (AREST) enzyme levels in relation to insulin resistance (IR) or obesity among children and adolescents. The study included healthy school children and adolescents. Blood was drawn for the determination of blood glucose, lipid, PON1 and AREST enzyme levels. Overall, we observed a positive correlation between PON1 enzyme activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (r = 0.189, P = 0.014). The correlation appeared to be more significant in boys (r = 0.271, P = 0.009). For subjects with IR and obesity, PON1 enzyme activity did not correlate with HDL-C levels (r = 0.038, P = 0.790), instead PON1 levels correlated negatively with BMI (r = - 0.309 and P = 0.026). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to find the predictors of log PON1 activity. HDL-C level was the strongest predictor of PON1 activity in the lean control group, while BMI appeared to be the strongest predictor in the subjects with obesity or IR. In conclusion, determinants of PON1 enzyme activity are variable in children and adolescents based on IR and obesity. Future studies will shed light on the underlying mechanisms and biomarkers of OS in children and may reveal possible targets for therapeutic intervention. © 2014, Acta Cardiologica. All rights reserved.
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    Total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in Turkish children
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Agirbasli M.; Tanrikulu A.; Acar Sevim B.; Azizy M.; Bekiroglu N.
    Background High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker of continued long-term systemic inflammation and cardiovascular (CV) risk. Objective To analyze the association of hs-CRP levels with CV risk factors in healthy school children. Methods The study sample was derived from a survey on the prevalence of CV risk factors (dyslipidemia, obesity, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance in school children. Along with anthropometry, hs-CRP levels, lipids, glucose levels, and insulin levels were measured. Results Ninety-one male (12.5 ± 3.4 years) and 77 female students (12.7 ± 3.4; P =.624) were included. Median (interquartile range) hs-CRP levels were similar among boys and girls (0.4 [1.2] vs 0.5 [0.7]; P =.928). Risk factors such as obesity (16%), high triglycerides (20%), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 16%), and elevated blood pressure (25%) were commonly observed in study participants. Gender-stratified analysis displayed that insulin resistance (18 [19.8%] vs 3 [3.9%]; P =.002) and high triglycerides (26 [28.6%] vs 8 [10.4%]; P =.003) were more commonly observed among boys compared with girls. hs-CRP levels correlated positively with cardiometabolic risk factors such as waist circumference (boys) and total cholesterol (TC)-to-HDL-C ratio. Linear regression analysis displayed that among the covariates of age, body mass index, and glucose, TC-to-HDL-C ratio was the most significant determinant of hs-CRP levels (P =.004). Conclusion Cardiometabolic risk factors such as TC-to-HDL-C ratio correlate with hs-CRP levels in children and adolescents. Long-term prospective studies are needed to confirm the association between hs-CRP and cardiometabolic risk in children. © 2015 National Lipid Association.