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Yayın Anesthetic techniques: focus on lumbar erector spinae plane block(Dove Medical Press LTD, 2020) Tulgar, Serkan; Aydın, Muhammed Enes; Ahıskalıoğlu, Ali; De Cassai, Alessandro; Gürkan, YavuzDefined in the last decade, erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is one of the more frequently used interfacial plans, and it has been the most discussed block among the recently defined techniques. Lumbar ESPB administered at lumbar levels is relatively novel and is a new horizon for regional anesthesia and pain practice. In this article, we aim to explain and introduce different approaches and explain the possible mechanism of action of lumbar ESPB. The objective of this review is to analyze the case reports, clinical and cadaveric studies about lumbar ESPB that have been published to date. We performed a search in Pubmed and Google Scholar database. After a selection of the relevant studies, 59 articles were found eligible and were included in this review. While we believe that lumbar ESPB is reliable and easy, we suggest that its efficacy and indications should be verified with anatomical and clinical studies, and its safety should be confirmed with pharmacokinetic studies. Moreover, the possibility of complications must be considered.Yayın Efficacy of bilateral erector spinae plane block in the management of pain: current insights(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2019) Tulgar, Serkan; Ahiskalioğlu, Ali; De Cassai, Alessandro; Gurkan, YavuzErector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a newly described interfascial plane block, and the number of articles on the bilateral application of ESPB is increasing in the literature. In this paper, in addition to analyzing bilateral ESPB cases and studies published so far, we aimed to review the relevant anatomy, describe the mechanism of spread of the injectant, demonstrate varying approaches to ESPB, and summarize case reports and clinical trials, as well as provide current insight on this emerging and popular block. Randomized controlled studies, comparative studies of ESPB versus other methods, and pharmacokinetic studies of bilateral applications must be the next step in clearly understanding bilateral ESPB.Yayın Erector spinae plane block: a systematic qualitative review(EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2019) De Cassai, Alessandro; Bonvicini, Daniele; Correale, Christelle; Sandei, Ludovica; Tulgar, Serkan; Tonetti, TommasoINTRODUCTION: The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is an interfascial block proposed to provide analgesia for chronic thoracic pain. It consists in an injection of local anesthetic in a plane between the transverse process and the erector spinae muscles group. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We performed a systematic review of literature following the PRISMA Statement Guidelines. The bibliographic search was conducted on September 2018. We included articles indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Search terms included the following: "erector spinae plane block" OR "ESP block" OR "erector spinae block." We identified 367 studies and after removal of 206 duplicates and exclusion of 18 records we manually searched 140 studies. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We identified four randomized controlled trials, but the endpoints were heterogeneous preventing a statistical analysis; we performed then a qualitative review of the literature. Studies showed lower use of opioids and a longer time to first analgesic requirement in the ESP group. In one study, ESP block was found to be as effective as epidural analgesia. ESP block has a wide range of clinical indications. Its mechanism of action is still not thoroughly understood. Only two reports presented complications caused by the block. CONCLUSIONS: Although data suggests that ESP block is an easy and safe technique, more studies are needed to assess safety, complications rates and efficacy of this technique. In particular, we need well designed RCTs comparing ESP block to gold standard regional anesthesia technique. Nevertheless, ESP block is already a viable option for anesthesiologists all over the world.Yayın ESP block compared to paravertebral block in breast surgery(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2020) De Cassai, Alessandro; Aksu, Can; Tulgar, Serkan; Ahiskalioğlu, Ali[Abstract Not Available]Yayın Quality of Erector Spinae Plane Block Educational Videos on a Popular Video-sharing Platform(CUREUS INC, 2019) De Cassai, Alessandro; Correale, Christelle; Sandei, Ludovica; Ban, Irina; Selvi, Onur; Tulgar, SerkanIntroduction The Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block is a novel inter-fascial block developed in 2016, which has several clinical indications. YouTube (www.youtube.com; YT) is a popular American video-sharing platform. YT permits every user to view, share, and comment the videos uploaded by other users. The aim of the study was to evaluate the educational value and the technical video quality of didactic videos for the ESP block on a popular video-sharing platform, to evaluate the difference in quality between academic and nonacademic videos, and to evaluate the correlation between the views and quality of the videos, the length, and the time since upload. Methods We performed a search on YT trying to detect all relevant educational videos for the ESP block. Both the educational value and the technical video quality were assessed independently by three assessors. Assessors were asked to watch the videos and to fill in two questionnaires, the first one regarding the technical and educational aspects of ESP block, the second one regarding the video-editing quality. The video length, academic origin, views, and time from upload were also registered. Results We identified 62 videos and 21 videos entered the final analysis. The educational material for the ESP block had an overall low quality. Academic videos have a higher quality than nonacademic ones. The video views are correlated with time since upload but not with the video quality. Conclusions The educational material for the ESP block on YT has a limited technical and video quality. For this reason, we recommend physicians to be very cautious in using video-sharing platforms as a unique source of medical knowledge.Yayın Social Media Use Amongst Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Practitioners and Residents: Standardization and Ethical Considerations(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Tulgar, Serkan; Ahiskalioğlu, Ali; Thomas, David Terence; De Cassai, Alessandro; Gurkan, Yavuz[Abstract Not Available]