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    Comparison of Emergency Medicine Physician’s Decision and Pecarn Scale Suggestions On Pediatric Head Trauma Patients
    (2021) Gokdag, Eren; Eyüpoğlu, Gökhan; Tatlı, Mehmet; Guneysel, Ozlem
    Objectives: To determine head CT scan necessity in pediatric head trauma patients and to compare decisions of Emergency medicine physicians (EMP) and Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) scale suggestions on head CT scan necessity. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted retrospectively in our third stage hospital between January 2014 and December 2014. Patients under the age of 13 with head injury because of fall were included. Registry of all patients was analyzed and PECARN scale was applied to each patient’s data retrospectively. Suggestions of PECARN scale were noted. Head CT scans were reported by radiologist. EMP’s decision and PECARN scale suggestions were compared. Patients whom should had CT scan by PECARN scale suggestions but had no imaging were contacted and questioned about any other reasons to seek medical care. Results: PECARN suggestion and EMP’s decisions of CT necessity compared. Concordance analysis of two results are determined as 76.6% (Kappa coefficient: 0.766). EMP’s decisions had 88.76% sensitivity, 91.09% specificity, 78.22% positive predictive value, 95.74% negative predictive value and 90.48% accuracy. Conclusions: In assessment of children with minor head injury EMP decision and PECARN scale were found coherent and sufficient. Instead of early decision of CT scan, observation of patient can reduce radiation exposure, but cost effectivity of this approach should be evaluated by further studies.
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    Demographic characteristics and delayed neurological sequelae risk factors in carbon monoxide poisoning
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2020) Sarı Doğan, Fatma; Guneysel, Özlem; Gokdag, Eren; Güneş, Merve; Sumen, Selin Gamze
    Aim: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas and tasteless. CO poisoning (COP) is one of the most frequently encountered inhalation poisonings. The most common cause of morbidity in COP is delayed neurological sequelae (DNS). DNS is the occurrence of neuropsychiatric findings within 2-240 days after discharge of patients with COP and there are no definitive diagnostic criteria. The aim of our study is; to determine the risk factors and incidence of DNS. Method: Our study is a retrospective, observational study. Patients with the diagnosis of COP in the emergency department between 2015 and 2016 were included in the study. Patients age, gender, findings in the initial physical examination (PE) and neurological examination (NE), blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level, relation between hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment and DNS were assessed. Results: Total of 72 patients were included in the study. Mean age was 33.43 +/- 20.89. It was determined that pathological findings in the initial NE are a significant predictive factor for DNS (Odds ratio 18.600, p:0.004). Significant relation between NE and HBO treatment was present (p:00.1). There was no statistically significant relationship between initial COHb level and receiving HBO treatment (p:0.9). Median COHb level of patients with DNS was 30 (min:10, max: 43), median COHb level of patients without DNS was 25 (min:10, max:44) and there was no statistically significant relationship between the two groups according to COHb levels (p:0.7). Conclusion: Pathological findings in the initial neurological examination had a predictive value for delayed neurological sequelae in patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Modification of Glasgow-Blatchford scoring with lactate in predicting the mortality of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in emergency department
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2019) Konyar, Zeynep; Guneysel, Ozlem; Dogan, Fatma Sari; Gokdag, Eren
    Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a commonly seen multidisciplinary clinical condition in emergency departments which has high treatment cost and mortality in company with hospital admission. Risk evaluation before endoscopy is based on clinical and laboratory findings at patient's emergency visit. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of "Glasgow-Blatchford scale + lactate levels" to predict the mortality of patients detected with gastrointestinal bleeding in the emergency department. Methods: A total of 107 patients with preliminary diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding included in the study after approval of the ethics committee were prospectively evaluated. Glasgow-Blatchford scale scores were calculated and venous blood lactate levels were assessed. Need for blood transfusion in the follow-up, the amount of transfusion, and mortality in the next 6 months were evaluated. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in mortality rates between the lactate and Glasgow-Blatchford scale cohorts in our study (p = 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The mortality rate was significantly higher in the lactate(+) GBS(+) cases compared to the lactate(-) GBS(+), lactate(+) GBS(-), and lactate(-) GBS(-) cases compared to the bilateral comparisons (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between the rate of erythrocyte suspension replacement in the cases according to Glasgow-Blatchford scale levels (p = 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The incidence of erythrocyte suspension replacement was 7.393 times greater in patients with Glasgow-Blatchford scale score of 12 and above. Conclusion: Glasgow-Blatchford scale is highly sensitive to the determination of mortality risk and the need for blood transfusion in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Glasgow-Blatchford scale with lactate evaluation is more sensitive and more significant than Glasgow-Blatchford scale alone. This significance provides us to establish "modified Glasgow-Blatchford scale." In the future, studies which will use Glasgow-Blatchford scale supported by lactate could be increased and the results should be supported more.