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    Distinguishing age-related cognitive decline from dementias: A study based on machine learning algorithms
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2017) Er, Fusun; Iscen, Pinar; Sahin, Sevki; Cinar, Nilgun; Karsidag, Sibel; Goularas, Dionysis
    Background and aim: This study aims to examine the distinguishability of age-related cognitive decline (ARCD) from dementias based on some neurocognitive tests using machine learning. Materials and methods: 106 subjects were divided into four groups: ARCD (n = 30), probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 20), vascular dementia (VD) (n = 21) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 35). The following tests were applied to all subjects: The Wechsler memory scale-revised, a clock drawing, the dual similarities, interpretation of proverbs, word fluency, the Stroop, the Boston naming (BNT), the Benton face recognition, a copying-drawings and Oktem verbal memory processes (0VMPT) tests. A multilayer perceptron, a support vector machine and a classification via regression with M5-model trees were employed for classification. Results: The pairwise classification results show that ARCD is completely separable from AD with a success rate of 100% and highly separable from MCI and VD with success rates of 95.4% and 86.30%, respectively. The neurocognitive tests with the higher merit values were O-VMPT recognition (ARCD vs. AD), 0VMPT total learning (ARCD vs. MCI) and semantic fluency, proverbs, Stroop interference and naming BNT (ARCD vs. VD). Conclusion: The findings show that machine learning can be successfully utilized for distinguishing ARCD from dementias based on neurocognitive tests. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.