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    In vitro antibacterial screening of chitosan sponges
    (Maltepe Üniversitesi, 2019) Savchenko, A.; Radwan-Praglowska, J.; Janus, L.
    Introduction: Chitosan possesses biological properties such as hemostasis activity, wound healing and antimicrobial properties. It can be processed into hydrogels, membranes, nanofibersetc. But it is still required developing new effective and safe materials for medical application. The aim of current research was synthesis and structural characterization of chitosan aerogels using green-chemistry technologies and antimicrobial assessment. Materials and methods: Biomaterials were obtained using biocompatible raw material - chitosan with various deacetylation degree (85%, 90% and 95%). The scaffolds were prepared by chemical crosslinking reaction under microwave-assisted conditions. As crosslinking agents L-aspartic and L-glutamic acids were used. Prepared hydrogels were lyophilized and three-dimensional aerogels were obtained in following parameters:95Ch-Asp, 90Ch-Glu, 95Ch-Glu, 95Ch-1Asp:5Glu, 90Ch-1Asp:1Glu, 95Ch-1Asp:1Glu, 95Ch-2Asp:1Glu, 95Ch- 5Asp:1Glu. Biomaterials were characterized over their chemical structure by FT-IR method. Their swelling abilities, porosity and density were determined. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility (against Staphylococcus Aureus B 918) testing of chitosan sponges was conducted with the timekill kinetic studiesdetermining the colony count at different time-intervals (2, 4, 6 and 24 h) using streak plate technique. Results: FT-IR spectra proved formation of the amide bonds between chitosan and aminoacids. No polymer degradation has occurred. The aerogels were characterized by very low density and porosity above 90%. All of the prepared samples had excellent swelling properties due to the presence of hydrophilic functional groups and their highly porous nature. Bacteriological experiment shown that all sponges prevent bacterial growth (bacteriostatic effect) within 2 hours after incubation with 105 CFU/ml S. aureus. 95Ch-1Asp:1Gluaerogel remain the same effect in 4 and 6 hours. All other formulations lost bacteriostatic effect in 4 hours and bacteria increase up to 108 CFU/ml. Discussion: Microwave-assistedsynthesis can be effective way to obtain low density and high porouschitosan aerogels with bacteriostatic properties against S. aureus.