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    Comparison of the sixth and seventh editions of the TNM staging systems with regard to non-small cell lung carcinoma
    (BAYCINAR MEDICAL PUBL-BAYCINAR TIBBI YAYINCILIK, 2012) Duzgun, Yeliz; Saygi, Attila; Levent, Ender; Yilmaz, Huri Ozkan; Koksal, Hulya; Soylu, Akin Cem; Kutlu, Cemal Asim
    Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical tumor node metastasis (TNM) and pathological TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the sixth and seventh editions of the TNM staging and to establish whether there was any concordance between these editions. Methods: The records of 60 patients (57 males, 3 females; mean age 57 10 years; range 34 to 81 years) who were operated between January 2007 and October 2009 diagnosed with NSCLC in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Both clinical (pre-thoracotomy) and pathological (post-thoracotomy) staging were performed separately according to the sixth and seventh editions of the TNM systems. Results: With the sixth edition, the concordance rate for the clinical and pathological T stage was 73.3% while the concordance rate for the clinical TNM and pathological TNM stage was 48.3%. Twenty percent of the patients were clinically underestimated, and 31.7% were overestimated. The seventh edition of the TNM staging yielded concordance rates of 61.7% for the clinical and pathological T stage and 41.7% for the clinical TNM and pathological TNM stage was 41.7%. With this edition, 28.3% of the patients were clinically underestimated, and 30% were overestimated. Clinical and pathological TNM staging according to seventh edition were similar to the previous stages in 81.7% and 70% of the patients, respectively while understaging was seen in 6.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Overstaging occurred in 11.7% and 25.0% of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: In our study, the concordance rate for the clinical TNM and pathological TNM stage was lower for the seventh edition of the staging systems than for the sixth editon. This result suggests the importance of invasive staging and systematic lymph node dissection. Based on our samples with early stage, we believe that there should be no change in the treatment for patients with upstaging according to the seventh edition of the staging system.
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    Homocysteine Levels and Echocardiographic Findings in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
    (KARGER, 2010) Sariman, Nesrin; Levent, Ender; Aksungar, Fehime Benli; Soylu, Akin Cem; Bektas, Osman
    Background: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by repeated upper airway obstruction during sleep together with decreases in oxygen saturation leading to a series of pathological events, primarily in the cardiovascular system. Elevated plasma homocysteine levels have recently been considered as an independent risk factor for vascular disease, and increased levels are attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the possible relationship between homocysteine levels and echocardiographic findings in OSAS patients at different stages of disease. Methods: Thirty-eight patients (23 males and 15 females) with polysomnographically verified OSAS (mean age, 49 +/- 12 years, range 27-74) and a mean body mass index of 31.27 +/- 5.24 kg/m(2) (range 22.60-47.90) were prospectively studied. Plasma levels of homocysteine, cholesterols, triglycerides, vitamin B(12) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), as well as echocardiographic and lung function parameters were assessed. Results: Homocysteine levels were elevated in all OSAS groups and were statistically significantly different between the mild and moderate/severe groups. Significant differences were present between the variables nocturnal oxygen desaturation (NOD), respiratory arousal and light sleep among the mild and moderate/severe groups. We found a significant positive correlation between homocysteine levels and NOD duration, and hsCRP levels were positively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index and NOD duration. Conclusions: In all OSAS groups, homocysteine levels were elevated regardless of the presence of cardiac dysfunction. Echocardiographic abnormalities were primarily left-ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and LV diastolic dysfunction and could be observed in all OSAS severity groups. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel
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    Microscopic bilateral posterior cordotomy in severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with bilateral vocal cord paralysis
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2012) Sariman, Nesrin; Koca, Oncel; Boyaci, Zerrin; Levent, Ender; Soylu, Akin Cem; Alparslan, Sumeyye; Saygi, Attila
    Vocal cord paralysis is a rare cause of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after thyroid gland surgery is one of the leading causes of acquired vocal cord paralysis. A 46-year-old woman with OSAS due to bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis was presented. She had thyroidectomy 30 years ago and had a weak, breathy voice. She had been referred with a history of high-pitched snoring, apnea witnessed by her spouse, and excessive daytime sleepiness for the last 5 years. Full-night polysomnography revealed that her apnea-hypopnea index was 72/h and minimal oxygen saturation level was 81%. There was no REM and deep sleep periods. Ear-nose-throat consultation offered an endoscopic bilateral posterior cordotomy operation via microscopic suspension laryngoscopy (MLS) as a treatment option. Instead of using a nasal positive airway pressure (nCPAP) device, she was treated surgically. Her OSAS resolved completely within 5 months of the surgery. Her phonation was preserved, and symptoms such as snoring and hypersomnolance disappeared. In OSAS patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis, MLS-associated bilateral posterior cordotomy can be a choice of treatment as an alternative to nCPAP application.
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    Miliary Pulmonary Metastases of Malign Pleural Mesothelioma
    (Aves, 2011) Levent, Ender; Sariman, Nesrin; Soylu, Akin Cem
    Malign pleural mesothelioma is characterized as an aggressive tumor that spreads widely on the pleura and invases directly thoracic structures. Miliary metastases are very rare in malignant pleural mesotheliomas. However, they can be observed at the time of diagnosis in some of the cases when the primary lesion is not detected and in some others in the later stages. For this reason one should suspect malignant mesotheliomas in the differential diagnosis when presentation is with diffuse miliary or micronodular pulmonary lesions. Immunehistochemical studies are helpful especially in differential diagnosis of other metastases when the primary lesion is not known. Here, a 58 year-old woman having mixed type malignant pleural mesothelioma is being presented because she had miliary pulmonary metastases revealed in thorax CT at the 9th month of the diagnosis. She was not a smoker and there was no history of asbest exposition. The patient died due to respiratory insufficiency at the 17th month of the diagnosis.
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    Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and anthropometric obesity indexes
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2012) Soylu, Akin Cem; Levent, Ender; Sariman, Nesrin; Yurtlu, Sirin; Alparslan, Sumeyye; Saygi, Attila
    The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the general body adiposity or regional adiposity was a risk factor in the evolution of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by examining the relationships between the anthropometric obesity indexes such as waist (WC) and neck circumference index (NC), body mass index (BMI), and OSAS in Turkish adult population, and to access the possible differences by gender. The data related to polysomnographic, demographic, and anthropometric indexes of the 499 subjects were examined retrospectively. The patients whose apnea-hypopnea index was a parts per thousand yen5 were determined as OSAS group. The avarage BMI, WC, and NC of the OSAS group (n = 431) were statistically higher than the control group (p < 0.001). According to logistic regression analysis, BMI, WC, and NC enlargement were observed as significant risk factors for OSAS development. Risk coefficients were determined 5.53 for NC, 4.48 for WC, and 2.22 for BMI. Cutoff point values for anthropometric obesity indexes as OSAS determiner were recorded as below: BMI for male > 27.77 kg/m(2) and female > 28.93 kg/m(2), NC index for male > 40 cm and female > 36 cm, and WC index for male > 105 cm and female > 101 cm. BMI, WC, and NC enlargement were determined as significant risk factors for OSAS development. This was an initial study to determine the cutoff points of which increase the OSAS risk in BMI, WC, and NC index in Turkish adult population.