Polietilen tereftalat yapılı nanoplastiklere sub-kronik maruziyetinin testis ve sperm üzerinde meydana getirdiği hasarın fare modelinde araştırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
T.C. Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İnfertilite, 12 ay veya daha fazla düzenli korunmasız cinsel ilişki sonrası gebelik elde edilememesi ile tanımlanan erkek veya dişi üreme organlarından kaynaklanan bir hastalıktır. Birçok genetik faktör ve yaşam tarzı faktörünün erkek infertilitesi ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülür. Yaşam tarzı faktörlerinden biri olan mikro ve nanoplastiklere maruziyetin de infertilitede etkili olabileceği çalışmalarda bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada sentetik yapılı polimerlerden biri olan polietilen tereftalat (PET) nanoplastiğinin erkek üreme sağlığı üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Beş haftalık 18 adet Balb-C türü fare rastgele seçilerek kontrol grubu, düşük doz PET-NP ve yüksek doz PET-NP uygulama grubu olarak üç gruba ayrıldı (n=6). 28 gün boyunca 100’er ?L olacak şekilde sırası ile kontrol grubuna serum fizyolojik, düşük doz grubuna 0.1 mg/gün PET nanoplastiği ve yüksek doz grubuna 0.5 mg/gün PET nanoplastiği oral gavaj ile verildi. Sub-kronik PET nanoplastiği uygulaması sonucunda deneklerin testis organ endekslerinde kontrole kıyasla anlamlı bir değişim görülmezken (p>0.05), hem düşük hem de yüksek doz uygulama gruplarının sperm sayımlarında kontrole kıyasla anlamlı azalmalar görüldü (P<0.05). Benzer bir şekilde hem düşük hem de yüksek doz uygulama gruplarında sperm morfolojileri incelendiğinde normal morfolojiye sahip sperm oranlarında anlamlı azalış görüldü (p<0.05). Ayrıca, yüksek doz PET nanoplastiklerine maruz kalan grupta, sperm boyun anomalilerinde kontrole kıyasla anlamlı artış görüldü (P<0.01). COMET analiz yöntemi ile belirlediğimiz DNA hasarı sonuçlarında ise, PET nanoplastiklerine maruz kalan grupların sperm %kuyruk DNA miktarında anlamlı artış görüldü (P<0.05). Son olarak, testislerden alınan histolojik kesitlerin tübül yapıları Johnsen skorlaması ile değerlendirildiğinde, PET plastiğine maruz bırakılan her iki grupta da spermatogenezde kontrole kıyasla anlamlı bir değişim görüldü (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak sub-kronik PET nanoplastik maruziyeti, sperm sayısını azaltmakta, sperm morfolojisinde bozulmalara neden olmakta, spermlerde DNA kırıkları meydana getirmekte ve spermatogenez aşamalarında negatif etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Tüm bu negatif etkiler neticesinde PET nanoplastiği erkek üreme sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir.
Infertility, which is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, is a disease arising from the male or female reproductive organs. Many genetic and lifestyle factors are thought to be associated with male infertility. It has been reported that exposure to micro and nanoplastics, which is among these lifestyle factors, may also be effective in infertility. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of one of the synthetic polymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoplastics, on male reproductive health. For this aim, eighteen five-week-old Balb-C type mice were randomly selected and divided into three groups as control group, low-dose PET-NP and high-dose PET-NP administration group (n=6). 100 ?L of saline was given to the control group, 0.1 mg/day PET nanoplastic to the low dose group, and 0.5 mg/day PET nanoplastic to the high dose group for 28 days, by oral gavage. Our data revealed that sub-chronic PET nanoplastics exposure did not result in a significant change in testes index compared to the control group (p>0.05), while there was significant decrease in sperm counts in both low and high dose groups compared to that of control group (P<0.05). Similarly, sperm morphologies of both low and high dose PET-NP exposed animals were significantly changed, while the percentages of sperms with normal morphology significantly decreased compared to that of untreated control (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in sperm neck anomalies in the group exposed to high-dose PET nanoplastics compared to the that of control group (P<0.01). Also, there was a significant increase in the sperm % tail DNA of the groups exposed to PET nanoplastics, which were revealed by COMET analysis, indicating the DNA damage (P<0.05). Lastly, Tubule structures of histological sections taken from testicles were evaluated by Johnsen scoring and a significant change in spermatogenesis was observed in both groups exposed to PET nanoplastic compared to that of control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, sub-chronic PET nanoplastics exposure led to decrease in sperm count, disruption in sperm morphology, induces DNA strand breaks and have a negative impact in the stages of spermatogenesis. As a result of these negative effects, PET nanoplastic negatively affects male reproductive health.
Infertility, which is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, is a disease arising from the male or female reproductive organs. Many genetic and lifestyle factors are thought to be associated with male infertility. It has been reported that exposure to micro and nanoplastics, which is among these lifestyle factors, may also be effective in infertility. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of one of the synthetic polymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoplastics, on male reproductive health. For this aim, eighteen five-week-old Balb-C type mice were randomly selected and divided into three groups as control group, low-dose PET-NP and high-dose PET-NP administration group (n=6). 100 ?L of saline was given to the control group, 0.1 mg/day PET nanoplastic to the low dose group, and 0.5 mg/day PET nanoplastic to the high dose group for 28 days, by oral gavage. Our data revealed that sub-chronic PET nanoplastics exposure did not result in a significant change in testes index compared to the control group (p>0.05), while there was significant decrease in sperm counts in both low and high dose groups compared to that of control group (P<0.05). Similarly, sperm morphologies of both low and high dose PET-NP exposed animals were significantly changed, while the percentages of sperms with normal morphology significantly decreased compared to that of untreated control (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in sperm neck anomalies in the group exposed to high-dose PET nanoplastics compared to the that of control group (P<0.01). Also, there was a significant increase in the sperm % tail DNA of the groups exposed to PET nanoplastics, which were revealed by COMET analysis, indicating the DNA damage (P<0.05). Lastly, Tubule structures of histological sections taken from testicles were evaluated by Johnsen scoring and a significant change in spermatogenesis was observed in both groups exposed to PET nanoplastic compared to that of control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, sub-chronic PET nanoplastics exposure led to decrease in sperm count, disruption in sperm morphology, induces DNA strand breaks and have a negative impact in the stages of spermatogenesis. As a result of these negative effects, PET nanoplastic negatively affects male reproductive health.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polietilen tereftalat, Nanoplastik, toksisite, İnfertilite, Spermatozoa, Sperm morfolojisi, Sperm parametreleri, Polyethylene terephthalate, Nanoplastic, Toxicity, İnfertility, Spermatozoa, Sperm morphology, Sperm parameters
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Tombul, O. K. (2023). Polietilen tereftalat yapılı nanoplastiklere sub-kronik maruziyetinin testis ve sperm üzerinde meydana getirdiği hasarın fare modelinde araştırılması / Investigation of the effects of sub-chronic polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastic exposure on testes and sperm in mice. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
