Yalın üretim sistemi ve tekstil sektöründe bir örnek olay çalışması
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Tarih
2007
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Günümüzün hızla gelisen dünyasında sirketler rekabetsel avantajlar yakalamak ve kalıcı basarılar elde etmek için çesitli yeni üretim ve yönetim teknikleri arayısları içerisindedir. Sirketler; globallesen dünyada, gerek yönetim anlayıslarını, gerekse buna baglı olan üretim anlayıslarını, gelismelere süratle cevap verebilecek, müsteri tatminini en üst seviyede tutacak, tüm gereksiz ve üretime ek bir katkı saglamayan unsurlardan arınmıs, her türlü kaynak israfını engelleyen, verimliligi ve kaliteyi arttıracak bir sekilde organize veya re-organize etmek zorundadırlar. Son yıllarda yeni bir üretim anlayısı, Japonya'dan tüm dünyaya, kurulusların ihtiyaçlarını en üst düzeyde karsılamak üzere hızla yayılmaktadır. Bu klasik üretim anlayıslarından radikal degisikliklerle farklılıklar gösteren "Yalın üretim sistemi"dir. Yalın üretimin en önemli özelligi, içinde yer alan her kesimi, aktörü yada tarafı aynı anda memnun etmesi, seri üretimin tersine, herkesin kazanmasını saglayabilecek güçlü bir potansiyele sahip olmasıdır. Seri üretim tarzında hep bir kesimin kazanması, çogunlugunun kaybetmesiyle sonuçlanmıstır. Yalın üretimi benimsemis ana sanayi firmaları, üretim, satıslar, ve karlılık açısından dünyada öncü olabilmekte, sistemi adapte eden tüm firmaların rekabet güçleri ve karlılıgı giderek artmaktadır. Yalın üretim, seri üretim anlayısına savas açmıs; gerekli miktarda, tam zamanında, hatasız, stoksuz, israfsız ve kaliteli üretimin yapılabilmesini mümkün kılmıstır. Seri üretim anlayısa göre çalısan birçok firmada %1-5 arası ıskarta oranı normal karsılanırken, yalın üretimde ürün kalitesi için saptanan asgari hedef "ppm"(parts per million) noktasına gelinmesi, yani ıskarta oranının yüzdeler (%), bindeler, hatta on binlerle degil, "milyonlar"la ifade edilecek düzeye indirilmesidir. Hatta ppm bile yeterli degildir, nihai hedef "sıfır hata" noktasına gelinmesidir. Yalın üretim Japon Toyota firmasından kaynaklandıgı ve çogunlukla otomobil sanayinden örnekler verildigi için yalın üretim kimi kez otomobil sanayine özgü bir sistemmis gibi algılanmaktadır.
In today's turbulent competitive world, companies more than ever needs a strategy that specifies the kind of competitive advantage that itis seeking in its market place and articulates how that advantage is to be achieved. The onlyquestion is asked by the companies to theirselves is how a company can expect to achieve any sort of competitive advantage if its only goal is to be beter than or at least as good as its thougest competitors?.It is obvious that a considerable improvement is necessary. For this century, the answer is "lean production concepts" which is here today in the leading automobile companies and will become the norm as it diffuses into other branches of manufacturing. Lean production concepts has been developed over the last 40 years by Toyota in Japan and it is a big revolution in manufacturing as mass production. During the 1980's United Stats of America manufacturing companies rediscovered the powder that comes from superior manufacturing and initiated a variety of activities to improve their competetiveness. In pursing this goal, they have started to visit the Japanese lean production system and started to adopt the principles of the lean production principles. By the utilization of the Universities and their own researchs, the US manufacturers from different branches of industry is now applying the lean production techniques as good as Japanese lean producers. So it improves that lean production concepts are universal which means that they are not only applicable in Japan or in automotive industry. Lean production is lean because it uses less of everything compared with mass production, half of the human effort, half of the engineering hours to develope a new product. Also it requires keeping far less than half the needed inventory on site, results in many fewer defects, and produces a greater and ever growing variety of products. As a consequence, costs come down consistently and continuosly. Mass production are defeated because of their extreme rigidity, equiped as they are with deskilled an dedicated machinery organized in a mechanistic fashion. Such an arrangement may very well function effectively as long as costumers bhave in a stable, homogeneous and foreseeable way. Costumers have become more individualistic in their needs and their prefences are changing all the time.In the first chapter, the elements an dimensions of lean production is explained. In the second chapter, the methods and techniques of lean production are explained. In the third chapter, the advantages of lean production against mass production and the developement of lean production to whole world are explained. In the fourth chapter, the sitution of the Turkish industry against the lean spread is explained and secondly, applicability of lean production concepts to Turkish textile industry supported by a study in a Turkish textile company is discussed in every aspects. Nowadays the big lean producers, Toyota, Honda and Ford are making investments in Turkey. At the first look, this is very crucial for the Turkish Industry in general to learn about lean production. By the adaption of lean production to Turkish industry is so fragile that every step must be taken as it will form a basis to the next one, and it needs time to move in the frame of the lean production.
In today's turbulent competitive world, companies more than ever needs a strategy that specifies the kind of competitive advantage that itis seeking in its market place and articulates how that advantage is to be achieved. The onlyquestion is asked by the companies to theirselves is how a company can expect to achieve any sort of competitive advantage if its only goal is to be beter than or at least as good as its thougest competitors?.It is obvious that a considerable improvement is necessary. For this century, the answer is "lean production concepts" which is here today in the leading automobile companies and will become the norm as it diffuses into other branches of manufacturing. Lean production concepts has been developed over the last 40 years by Toyota in Japan and it is a big revolution in manufacturing as mass production. During the 1980's United Stats of America manufacturing companies rediscovered the powder that comes from superior manufacturing and initiated a variety of activities to improve their competetiveness. In pursing this goal, they have started to visit the Japanese lean production system and started to adopt the principles of the lean production principles. By the utilization of the Universities and their own researchs, the US manufacturers from different branches of industry is now applying the lean production techniques as good as Japanese lean producers. So it improves that lean production concepts are universal which means that they are not only applicable in Japan or in automotive industry. Lean production is lean because it uses less of everything compared with mass production, half of the human effort, half of the engineering hours to develope a new product. Also it requires keeping far less than half the needed inventory on site, results in many fewer defects, and produces a greater and ever growing variety of products. As a consequence, costs come down consistently and continuosly. Mass production are defeated because of their extreme rigidity, equiped as they are with deskilled an dedicated machinery organized in a mechanistic fashion. Such an arrangement may very well function effectively as long as costumers bhave in a stable, homogeneous and foreseeable way. Costumers have become more individualistic in their needs and their prefences are changing all the time.In the first chapter, the elements an dimensions of lean production is explained. In the second chapter, the methods and techniques of lean production are explained. In the third chapter, the advantages of lean production against mass production and the developement of lean production to whole world are explained. In the fourth chapter, the sitution of the Turkish industry against the lean spread is explained and secondly, applicability of lean production concepts to Turkish textile industry supported by a study in a Turkish textile company is discussed in every aspects. Nowadays the big lean producers, Toyota, Honda and Ford are making investments in Turkey. At the first look, this is very crucial for the Turkish Industry in general to learn about lean production. By the adaption of lean production to Turkish industry is so fragile that every step must be taken as it will form a basis to the next one, and it needs time to move in the frame of the lean production.
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Belgutay, A. G. (2007). Yalın üretim sistemi ve tekstil sektöründe bir örnek olay çalışması / Lean Production System and an Application in Textile Industry (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
