7-10 yaş arasındaki hafif düzeyde zihinsel geriliği olan çocuklarda sözel zeka, anne-baba tutumları ve davranışsal dinamikler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi / Analysis of the relations between verbal intelligence, parental attitudes and behavioural dynamics in children with slight mental retardation between the ages of 7 and 10
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Tarih
2009
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalısmanın temel amacı, 7-10 yas arasındaki hafif düzeyde zihinsel geriliği olan çocuklarda sözel zeka, anne-baba tutumları ve davranıssal dinamikler arasındaki iliskinin incelenmesidir. Seçilen örneklemde çocukların büyük çoğunluğu (%60) siddete maruz kalmıstır. Arastırmacı, siddet gören çocuklarda özellikle anne-baba tutumları ve sözel zeka arasında bir iliski olacağı hipotezinden yola çıkarak uygulama yapmıstır. Bu noktada da çocukların sözel performansı değerlendirilmeye alınmıstır. Ayrıca çocukların seçiminde hafif düzeyde zihinsel gerilik (I.Q. : 50-69) kriteri seçildiği için hastane tanısını doğrulamak adına çocuklara; WISC-R testi uygulanmıstır. Bu bağlamda hafif düzeyde zihinsel geriliği olan çocuklara Wechsler Çocuklar ?çin Zeka Ölçeği (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised: WISC-R), Çocukların Algılama Testi (Children's Apperception Test: C.A.T.) ve annelerine de; Aile Hayatı ve Çocuk Yetistirme Tutumu Ölçeği (Parental Attitude Research Instrument: PARI) ve arastırmacı tarafından düzenlenen sosyo-demografik form uygulanmıstır. Arastırmada çocuklara uygulanan testlerden C.A.T. testinde verilen projektif cevaplar arastırmacı tarafından “davranıssal dinamikler” genel baslığı altında kategorize edilmistir. Bu kategoriler; “ceza alma endisesi”, “yalnız kalma endisesi”, “bastırmaya bağlı saldırganlık”, “bilinçdısı çatısma”, “oral fiksasyon (saplanma)” ve “süperego yetersizliği” olarak düzenlenmistir. Ayrıca yine C.A.T. testinde çocukların anne-baba imgesini algılamaları; değerlendirme kısmında “çocukların ebeveyn algısı” kavramıyla kategorize edilmistir. Arastırma ?stanbul ilinde bir özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezinden toplam 80 çocuk ve annesi ile yapılmıstır. Çalısmaya katılan çocukların 50’sini kızlar ve 50’sini erkekler olusturmaktadır. Daha sonra verilerin istatistiksel çözümlemeleri bilgisayar ortamında gerçeklestirilmistir. Veriler, varyans analizi, t test ve Ki-Kare analiz yöntemleri ile irdelenmistir. v Arastırma sonuçlarına göre, kartlarda görülen anne imgesi ile iliskide çatısma ve yalnız kalma endisesi arasında anlamlı bir iliski bulunmustur. Ayrıca çatısma yasayan çocukların büyük çoğunluğunda oral saplanma olduğu gözlenmistir. Çalısmaya katılan ve siddet gören çocukların büyük çoğunluğunda da ceza alma kaygısının varlığı dikkati çekmistir. Davranıs dinamikleri ile çocuğun ebeveyn algısı arasında da iliski vardır. Çocukların aile içinde yasadıkları çatısmanın buna bağlı olarak etkilenen diğer dinamik süreçlerin de çocuklardaki ebeveyn algısını etkilediği düsünülmektedir. Siddete maruz kalma ile davranıs dinamikleri arasında iliski bulunmustur. Özellikle baba tarafından siddet gören çocukların saldırganlık, bastırmaya bağlı saldırganlık, çatısma gibi davranıs dinamiklerinde siddet görme olgusunun oldukça etkili olduğu bulunmustur.
The main aim of this work is to analyse the relations between verbal intelligence, parental attitudes and behavioural dynamics in children with slight mental retardation between the ages of 7 and 10. The majority of the children (60%) chosen for the study were subjected to violence. The researcher carried out an application with the hypothesis that there would be a relation especially between parental attitudes and verbal intelligence in children facing domestic violence. At this point, the verbal performance of the children was evaluated. Moreover, since the low level mental retardation criteria (I.Q.: 50-69) was assessed when choosing the children, in order to prove the hospital diagnosis, the children were put through the WISC-R test. In this regard, children with slight mental retardation were put through the WISC-R: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Revised and C.A.T.: Children's Apperception Test. Mothers were put through the PARI: Parental Attitude Research Instrument and the socio-demographic form designed by the researcher. The projective answers given by children in the C.A.T. were categorised under the general heading “behavioural dynamics.” These categories are arranged as “punishment anxiety”, “loneliness anxiety”, “aggressiveness due to suppression”, “subliminal conflict”, “oral fixation” and “inadequacy of the superego.” Also the perception of the parental figure by the children in the C.A.T. was categorised under the term “the perception of parents by children.” The research was carried out on a total of 80 children and their mothers at a special education and rehabilitation centre in the city of Istanbul. 50 of the children attending the research were girls and 50 of them boys. The statistical analysis of the data was later carried out on computer. Data was examined with the variation analysis, t test and Chi-Square analysis methods. vii According to results, there was a meaningful connection found between the mother figure seen in the cards and conflict in relations and loneliness anxiety. Also children with conflicts were seen to display oral fixations. It grabbed attention that the majority of the children in the research who were subjected to violence showed signs of punishment anxiety. There are also links between behavioural dynamics and the parental perception of children. It is believed that the parental perception of children is also affected by dynamic processes affected by the domestic experiences of children. There were links found between being subjected to violence and behavioural dynamics. Children experiencing violence from the father especially show signs of aggressiveness, aggressiveness due to suppression, clashing and such behavioural dynamics.
The main aim of this work is to analyse the relations between verbal intelligence, parental attitudes and behavioural dynamics in children with slight mental retardation between the ages of 7 and 10. The majority of the children (60%) chosen for the study were subjected to violence. The researcher carried out an application with the hypothesis that there would be a relation especially between parental attitudes and verbal intelligence in children facing domestic violence. At this point, the verbal performance of the children was evaluated. Moreover, since the low level mental retardation criteria (I.Q.: 50-69) was assessed when choosing the children, in order to prove the hospital diagnosis, the children were put through the WISC-R test. In this regard, children with slight mental retardation were put through the WISC-R: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Revised and C.A.T.: Children's Apperception Test. Mothers were put through the PARI: Parental Attitude Research Instrument and the socio-demographic form designed by the researcher. The projective answers given by children in the C.A.T. were categorised under the general heading “behavioural dynamics.” These categories are arranged as “punishment anxiety”, “loneliness anxiety”, “aggressiveness due to suppression”, “subliminal conflict”, “oral fixation” and “inadequacy of the superego.” Also the perception of the parental figure by the children in the C.A.T. was categorised under the term “the perception of parents by children.” The research was carried out on a total of 80 children and their mothers at a special education and rehabilitation centre in the city of Istanbul. 50 of the children attending the research were girls and 50 of them boys. The statistical analysis of the data was later carried out on computer. Data was examined with the variation analysis, t test and Chi-Square analysis methods. vii According to results, there was a meaningful connection found between the mother figure seen in the cards and conflict in relations and loneliness anxiety. Also children with conflicts were seen to display oral fixations. It grabbed attention that the majority of the children in the research who were subjected to violence showed signs of punishment anxiety. There are also links between behavioural dynamics and the parental perception of children. It is believed that the parental perception of children is also affected by dynamic processes affected by the domestic experiences of children. There were links found between being subjected to violence and behavioural dynamics. Children experiencing violence from the father especially show signs of aggressiveness, aggressiveness due to suppression, clashing and such behavioural dynamics.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hafif Derecede Zihinsel Gerilik, C.A.T., WISC-R, PARI, Anne- Baba Tutumu, Şiddet, Slight Mental Retardation, C.A.T., WISC-R, PARI, Parental Attitudes, Violence
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Künye
Dörtlüoğlu, Ç. T. (2009). 7-10 yaş arasındaki hafif düzeyde zihinsel geriliği olan çocuklarda sözel zeka, anne-baba tutumları ve davranışsal dinamikler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi / Analysis of the relations between verbal intelligence, parental attitudes and behavioural dynamics in children with slight mental retardation between the ages of 7 and 10. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
