Lojistikte paylaşım ekonomisi ile tedarik zinciri çevikliği uygulamaları / Supply chain agility applications through the sharing economy in logistics
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Tarih
2024
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Yayıncı
Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Geleneksel tedarik zincirlerinin dijital tedarik ağlarına evrilmesi sonucu birçok boyutta yaşanan değişimlerin lojistik süreçlerde etkileri gözlemlenmektedir. Mevcutta lojistik kaynakların yetersiz ve verimsiz kullanımı, artan müşteri hizmet taleplerine, lojistik organizasyonların cevap verememesi sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Aynı zamanda tedarik zincirlerindeki artan değişkenlik ve belirsizlik, çeviklik stratejilerine olan ihtiyacı arttırmaktadır. Bu problemlerin önüne geçmek için firmalar uzun yıllardır lojistikte yerleşik uygulamalar olan yatay iş birlikleri çözümlerine gitmektedirler, ne var ki, yatay iş birlikleri önündeki engellerden dolayı firmalar istenilen iş birliği seviyelerine ulaşamamaktadırlar. Dijitalleşme ve sürdürebilirlik motivasyonları ile gelişmekte olan lojistikte paylaşım ekonomisi ve fiziksel internet uygulamaları yatay işbirliklerini artırsa da, alternatif yönetim modellerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Benzer ya da farklı tedarik zincirlerinde, aynı seviye lojistik organizasyonlar arasında belirli başarı kriterlerinin sağlanması şartıyla, kaynak ve kapasitelerin paylaşılıp yatay işbirliği seviyelerinin artırılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bul bilgiler ışığında hazırlanan araştırmada işbirliği başarı kriterlerinin lojistik sektöründeki yatay işbirliği becerileri üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında Lojistik Ağlarda Başarı Kriterleri Ölçeği ve Yatay İşbirliği Becerileri Ölçeği olmak üzere 2 farklı ölçek geliştirilmiştir. İstanbul Ticaret Odası’na kayıtlı, uluslararası (NACE 494103) ve şehirler arası (NACE 494102) karayolu taşımacılığı yapan 175 işletmenin katılımı ile yapılan pilot araştırmada 14 maddeden oluşan Lojistik Ağlarda Başarı Kriterleri Ölçeğinin standardizasyon, izlenebilirlik ve güvenilir aracı kurumdan oluşan 3 faktörlü yapısının geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu görülmüştür. Yatay İş birliği Becerileri Ölçeğinin ise 13 maddeden oluştuğu ve tek faktörlü yapısının geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pilot araştırmanın ardından yapılan araştırmaya İstanbul Ticaret Odası’na kayıtlı, uluslararası (NACE 494103) ve şehirler arası (NACE 494102) karayolu taşımacılığı yapan 265 işletme dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre lojistik ağlarda başarı kriterleri faktörleri olan standardizasyon, izlenebilirlik ve güvenilir aracı kurum yatay iş birliği becerilerini artırmaktadır. Bu faktörlerden güvenilir aracı kurumun yatay iş birliği becerileri üzerindeki etkisi diğer 2 başarı kriterinden yüksektir. Bununla birlikte rakipler ile depo/antrepo ve nakliye kapasiteleri, hizmetleri ve çözümleri ile birlikte bilgi, deneyim ve iş yapış şekillerini paylaştığını veya paylaşabileceğini belirten işletmelerin standardizasyon yeteneği, izlenebilirlik, güvenilir aracı kurum algısı ve iş birliği becerileri yüksek bulunmuştur. Türkiye’de yerleşik farklı tipte 2 lojistik pazaryeri platformu ile yapılan vaka çalışmasından elde edilen değerlendirme sonuçları araştırma bulgularını doğrulamıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen, yatay iş birliği becerileri ölçüm modelinin, geleneksel yatay işbirlikleri ve paylaşım ekonomisi temelli lojistik platformlar ile ileri derece yatay işbirliği teorisi olan fiziksel internet paydaş ve yöneticilerine kılavuz olması beklenmektedir.
As a result of the evolution of traditional supply chains into digital supply networks, the effects of changes in many dimensions are observed in logistics processes. The current inadequate and inefficient use of logistics resources results in the inability of logistics organizations to respond to increasing customer service demands. At the same time, increasing variability and uncertainty in supply chains increases the need for agility strategies. In order to avoid these problems, companies are turning to horizontal cooperation solutions, which have been established practices in logistics for many years, but due to the barriers to horizontal cooperation, companies cannot reach the desired levels of cooperation. Although sharing economy and physical internet applications in logistics, which are developing with digitalization and sustainability motivations, increase horizontal collaborations, they need alternative management models. It is thought that horizontal cooperation levels can be increased by sharing resources and capacities between logistics organizations at the same level in similar or different supply chains, provided that certain success criteria are met. In the research prepared in the light of the information found, it is aimed to evaluate the impact of cooperation success criteria on horizontal cooperation skills in the logistics sector. Within the scope of the research, two different scales, namely the Scale of Success Criteria in Logistics Networks and the Horizontal Cooperation Skills Scale, were developed. In the pilot study conducted with the participation of 175 enterprises registered with the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce and engaged in international (NACE 494103) and intercity (NACE 494102) road transportation, it was found that the 3-factor structure of the 14-item Scale of Success Criteria in Logistics Networks consisting of standardization, traceability and reliable intermediary institution was valid and reliable. The Horizontal Cooperation Skills Scale consists of 13 items and its one-factor structure was found to be valid and reliable. After the pilot study, 265 enterprises registered with the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce and engaged in international (NACE 494103) and intercity (NACE 494102) road transportation were included in the study. According to the findings obtained from the research, standardization, traceability and reliable intermediary institution, which are success criteria factors in logistics networks, increase horizontal cooperation skills. Among these factors, the effect of reliable intermediary institution on horizontal cooperation skills is higher than the other 2 success criteria. In addition, enterprises that stated that they share or could share warehouse/warehouse and transportation capacities, services and solutions as well as knowledge, experience and business practices with competitors were found to have higher standardization ability, traceability, perception of reliable intermediary institution and cooperation skills. The evaluation results obtained from the case study conducted with 3 different types of logistics marketplace platforms in Turkey confirmed the research findings. The horizontal collaboration skills measurement model developed within the scope of this study is expected to serve as a guide for stakeholders and managers of logistics platforms based on traditional horizontal collaborations and sharing economy, as well as physical internet stakeholders and managers with advanced horizontal collaboration theory.
As a result of the evolution of traditional supply chains into digital supply networks, the effects of changes in many dimensions are observed in logistics processes. The current inadequate and inefficient use of logistics resources results in the inability of logistics organizations to respond to increasing customer service demands. At the same time, increasing variability and uncertainty in supply chains increases the need for agility strategies. In order to avoid these problems, companies are turning to horizontal cooperation solutions, which have been established practices in logistics for many years, but due to the barriers to horizontal cooperation, companies cannot reach the desired levels of cooperation. Although sharing economy and physical internet applications in logistics, which are developing with digitalization and sustainability motivations, increase horizontal collaborations, they need alternative management models. It is thought that horizontal cooperation levels can be increased by sharing resources and capacities between logistics organizations at the same level in similar or different supply chains, provided that certain success criteria are met. In the research prepared in the light of the information found, it is aimed to evaluate the impact of cooperation success criteria on horizontal cooperation skills in the logistics sector. Within the scope of the research, two different scales, namely the Scale of Success Criteria in Logistics Networks and the Horizontal Cooperation Skills Scale, were developed. In the pilot study conducted with the participation of 175 enterprises registered with the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce and engaged in international (NACE 494103) and intercity (NACE 494102) road transportation, it was found that the 3-factor structure of the 14-item Scale of Success Criteria in Logistics Networks consisting of standardization, traceability and reliable intermediary institution was valid and reliable. The Horizontal Cooperation Skills Scale consists of 13 items and its one-factor structure was found to be valid and reliable. After the pilot study, 265 enterprises registered with the Istanbul Chamber of Commerce and engaged in international (NACE 494103) and intercity (NACE 494102) road transportation were included in the study. According to the findings obtained from the research, standardization, traceability and reliable intermediary institution, which are success criteria factors in logistics networks, increase horizontal cooperation skills. Among these factors, the effect of reliable intermediary institution on horizontal cooperation skills is higher than the other 2 success criteria. In addition, enterprises that stated that they share or could share warehouse/warehouse and transportation capacities, services and solutions as well as knowledge, experience and business practices with competitors were found to have higher standardization ability, traceability, perception of reliable intermediary institution and cooperation skills. The evaluation results obtained from the case study conducted with 3 different types of logistics marketplace platforms in Turkey confirmed the research findings. The horizontal collaboration skills measurement model developed within the scope of this study is expected to serve as a guide for stakeholders and managers of logistics platforms based on traditional horizontal collaborations and sharing economy, as well as physical internet stakeholders and managers with advanced horizontal collaboration theory.
Açıklama
Tam Metin / Full Text
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tedarik zinciri yönetimi, Lojistik yönetimi, Yatay iş birliği, Paylaşım ekonomisi, Fiziksel internet, Esneklik, Çeviklik, Supply chain management, Flexibility, Logistics management, Horizontal collaboration, Sharing economy, Physical internet, Agility
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Künye
İşcan, A. T. (2024). Lojistikte paylaşım ekonomisi ile tedarik zinciri çevikliği uygulamaları / Supply chain agility applications through the sharing economy in logistics. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
