Kültürel kimliğin mekânsal etkileri: Mor Gabriel Süryani Manastırı örneği
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarihsel süreçte birçok disiplinde tanımı yapılmaya çalışılmış olan kültür kavramının ortak paydadaki tanımı insanın veya toplumun deneyim, alışkanlık ve kazanımlarının kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılması ile oluşan davranış kalıplarıdır. Kültür, zaman içerisinde değişim ve gelişime açık bir olgudur ve bu özelliği ile her toplumun tarihinde farklı şekilde yer edinmiştir. Genel anlamda kültüre ait ortak birtakım özellikler var olsa da her kültür kendi özgü yapısı ile oluşmuş, aktarılmıştır. İnsan, kültürden aldığı davranış, alışkanlıklarını yaşadığı mekâna da doğrudan yansıtmaktadır. Mekânların biçimlenişinin en temel etkenlerinden biri kültürdür. Kullanıcının ihtiyacına özgün biçimde şekillenerek kendini göstermekte ve kültürel farklılıklar ile ilintili olarak farklı birtakım mekânsal organizasyonlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmanın yapılmış olduğu Mezopotamya’nın en eski sakinlerinden olan Süryaniler de, her toplumda olduğu gibi kültürlerini yaşamış ve sonraki nesillere aktarmıştır. Süryani kültürünü yaşamış oldukları mekânlarda da görebildiğimiz Turabdin Bölgesi’nde bu mekânsal organizasyon oldukça fazla hissedilmektedir. Süryanilere ait olan Mor Gabriel Manastırı da, Süryani kültürünü açıkça yansıtan bir örnektir. Çalışmada öncelikli olarak kültür kavramının tanımı yapılmaya çalışılmış, kültürün çevreye, insana etkisi incelenmiş, kültür yapıları, süreçleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonrasında Süryanilerin yaşamları, kökenleri, ait oldukları kültürleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın devamında; insanın varoluşundan bu yana ihtiyaç duyduğu en temel gereksinim olan barınma ihtiyacının giderildiği mekânın tanımı yapılmıştır. Mekânı oluşturan ögeler, bu ögelerin tasarıma etkisi ve mekân içinde bulunan insanın mekân ile olan etkileşimi incelenmiştir. Kültür kavramından da etkilenen algılama mekân içinde de var olmuştur. Tasarım kriterlerini bilmek, psikolojik, ergonomik ve görsel açıdan ihtiyaçlara cevap veren bir mekân yaratmak, mekânın doğru algılanmasını sağlayacaktır. Çalışmada algı ile mekân arasındaki ilişki de ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda; Süryanilerin Turabdin Bölgesi'nde bulunan dini mekânları; kiliseler, manastırlar karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış, Süryani kültürünün izlerini taşımakta olan Mor Gabriel Manastırı'nın mekânları ve mekân örgütlenmesinin yansımaları ile kültür arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmuştur.
The common definition of the concept of culture, which has been tried to be defined in many disciplines in the historical process, is the behavior patterns formed by the transfer of the experience, habits and acquisitions of the human or society from generation to generation. Culture is a phenomenon that is open to change and development over time, and with this feature, it has taken a different place in the history of every society. Although there are some common features of culture in general, each culture has been formed and transferred with its own unique structure. A person directly reflects the behavior and habits he receives from the culture to the space where he lives. One of the most fundamental factors in the formation of spaces is culture. It manifests itself by forming itself in an original way according to the user's needs, and several different spatial organizations emerge in relation to cultural differences. Assyrians, one of the oldest inhabitants of Mesopotamia, where the study was conducted, lived their culture and transferred it to the next generations, as in every society. This spatial organization is felt very much in the Turabdin Region, where we can see the Syriac culture in the places where they lived. The Mor Gabriel Monastery, which belongs to the Assyrians, is an example that clearly reflects the Syriac culture. In the study, firstly, the definition of the concept of culture was tried to be made, the effect of culture on the environment and people was examined, and cultural structures and processes were evaluated. After that, the lives of the Syriacs, their origins, and the cultures to which they belonged were discussed. In the continuation of the study; the definition of the place where the need for shelter, which is the most basic need that man has needed since his existence, was expressed. The elements that make up the space, the effect of these elements on the design and the interaction of the people in the space with the space are examined. Perception, which is also affected by the concept of culture, has existed in space as well. Knowing the design criteria, creating a space that responds to the needs psychologically, ergonomically and visually will ensure that the space is perceived correctly. The relationship between perception and space is also discussed in the study. At the end of the study; The religious sites of the Assyrians in the Turabdin Region; churches and monasteries are discussed comparatively. Furthermore, the places of The Mor Gabriel Monastery, which bears the traces of Syriac culture, and the reflections of the spatial organization and the relationship between culture are revealed.
The common definition of the concept of culture, which has been tried to be defined in many disciplines in the historical process, is the behavior patterns formed by the transfer of the experience, habits and acquisitions of the human or society from generation to generation. Culture is a phenomenon that is open to change and development over time, and with this feature, it has taken a different place in the history of every society. Although there are some common features of culture in general, each culture has been formed and transferred with its own unique structure. A person directly reflects the behavior and habits he receives from the culture to the space where he lives. One of the most fundamental factors in the formation of spaces is culture. It manifests itself by forming itself in an original way according to the user's needs, and several different spatial organizations emerge in relation to cultural differences. Assyrians, one of the oldest inhabitants of Mesopotamia, where the study was conducted, lived their culture and transferred it to the next generations, as in every society. This spatial organization is felt very much in the Turabdin Region, where we can see the Syriac culture in the places where they lived. The Mor Gabriel Monastery, which belongs to the Assyrians, is an example that clearly reflects the Syriac culture. In the study, firstly, the definition of the concept of culture was tried to be made, the effect of culture on the environment and people was examined, and cultural structures and processes were evaluated. After that, the lives of the Syriacs, their origins, and the cultures to which they belonged were discussed. In the continuation of the study; the definition of the place where the need for shelter, which is the most basic need that man has needed since his existence, was expressed. The elements that make up the space, the effect of these elements on the design and the interaction of the people in the space with the space are examined. Perception, which is also affected by the concept of culture, has existed in space as well. Knowing the design criteria, creating a space that responds to the needs psychologically, ergonomically and visually will ensure that the space is perceived correctly. The relationship between perception and space is also discussed in the study. At the end of the study; The religious sites of the Assyrians in the Turabdin Region; churches and monasteries are discussed comparatively. Furthermore, the places of The Mor Gabriel Monastery, which bears the traces of Syriac culture, and the reflections of the spatial organization and the relationship between culture are revealed.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kültür, Mekan, Algı, Süryani Kültürü, Mor Gabriel Manastırı, Culture, Space, Perception, Syriac Culture, The Mor Gabriel Monastery
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Almaca, P. (2022). Kültürel kimliğin mekânsal etkileri: Mor Gabriel Süryani Manastırı örneği / Spatial effects of cultural identity, the example of the Mor Gabriel Syriac Monastery. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
